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The Internet has become the most important medium for information exchange and the corecommunication environment for business relations as well as for social interactions. Millionsof people all over the world use the Internet for finding, accessing and exchanginginformation, enjoying multimedia communications, taking advantage of advanced softwareservices, buying and selling, keeping in touch with family and friends, to name a few. Thesuccess of the Internet has created even higher hopes and expectations for new applicationsand services, which the current Internet may not be able to support to a sufficient level. It isexpected that the number of nodes (computers, terminals mobile devices, sensors, etc.) of theInternet will soon grow to more than 100 billion [1]. The services and open applicationinterfaces will expand in a similar way and many of these services will be addressing essentialsocietal needs in the domains of healthcare, transportation/automotive, emergency services,etc. Reliability, availability, and interoperability required by these services impose in turn toincrease robustness, survivability, and collaborative properties of the Internet architecture. Inparallel, the advances in video capturing and content/media generation have led to largeramounts of multimedia content and applications offering immersive experiences, e.g., 3Dvideos, interactive immersive environments, network gaming, virtual worlds, etc. compared toquantity and type of data currently exchanged over the Internet. Based on [2], out of the 42Exabytes (1018) per month of consumer Internet traffic, likely to be generated every month in2014, 56% will be due to Internet video, while the average monthly consumer Internet trafficwill be equivalent to 32 million people streaming Avatar in 3D, continuously, for the entiremonth.All these applications create new demands, which to a certain extent can be addressed through“over-dimensioning” combined with the increase of Internet capabilities over time[3]. Whilethe latter can be a satisfactory (even if sometimes temporary) solution to some cases, analyseshave shown [4] that increasing the bandwidth to peta-bps on the backbone network will notsuffice due to new qualitative requirements in, for example, highly critical services such as ehealthapplications, clouds of services and clouds of sensors, new social network applications1 The views expressed are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the European
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