النتائج (
العربية) 1:
[نسخ]نسخ!
Transforming normalized relations into non-normalized physical record specificationsBenefits:Can improve performance (speed) by reducing number of table lookups (i.e. reduce number of necessary join queries)Costs (due to data duplication)Wasted storage spaceData integrity/consistency threatsCommon denormalization opportunitiesOne-to-one relationship (Fig. 5-3)Many-to-many relationship with non-key attributes (associative entity) (Fig. 5-4)Reference data (1:N relationship where 1-side has data not used in any other relationship) (Fig. 5-5)
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