The fortune survey, despite its perceptual limitations and ambiguity, has been used by numerous researchers, In Fortune 's survey," senior executives,outside directors, and financial analysts rate the ten largest companies in their own industry on eight attributes of reputation,using a scale of zero (poor) to ten (excellent) " (fortune,1994,p.85). Results are summed to create an overall corporate reputation index . In most CSP/CFP studies, the overall corporate reputation or the individual attribute suggests that the overall perception of the firm and its image (rather than the actual actions taken by the firm) may be the dominating factor in determining the firm 's relative ranking of its social performance via the fortune survey (fryxell and wang,1994).