Summary on Measuring CSP
This section has investigated the theoretical perspective of the operationalisation and measuring CSP. The great difficulty to come up with a measure of CSP is due to the vogue concept of social responsibility in itself (Griffin and Mahon, 1997; Rowley and Berman, 2000; Margolis and Walsh, 2001). We explored four distinctive methods used in past research: (1) Corporate Disclosure-Based Qualitative text-based reports; (2) Corporate Disclosure-Based Quantitative numerical-based reports; (3) External Evaluation Survey-Based Subjective Measures; (4) External Evaluation Stakeholder-Based Measures.