These confrontations resulted in thousands of casualties and tens of thousands of displaced civilians. From mid-2009 until the ceasefire in February 2010, over 300,000 people were internally displaced, most of whom remained in protracted displacement at the end of 2011.12 Yemen’s central authority expanded its political and military confrontations with the Houthi movement to the ideological sphere. Many Zaydi theological schools were shut down, a number of Zaydi mosques were confiscated, and Zaydi religious preachers were replaced by imported Egyptian preachers to lead Friday sermons in Zaydi mosques in the capital city.