During this period, two scholars, Tuzzolino and Armandi (1981) sought to develop a better mechanism for CSR assessment through proposing a need-hierarchy framework after Maslow‟s (1954) need hierarchy theory. Their organizational need hierarchy suggest that organizations, like individuals, had criteria that needed to be fulfilled or met, just as people do, as portrayed in the Maslow hierarchy. Another scholar, Rich Strand (1983) presents a systems paradigm of organizational adaptations to the social environment that how social responsibility, social responsiveness, and social responses connected to an organization-environment model. Great CSR scholar Carroll (1983) provides another definition of CSR: