In an effort to consolidate the numerous employment programs and provide better outcomes, Congress enacted the Workforce Investment Act (WIA) (P.L.
105-220) in 1998, which replaced JTPA. The WIA requires states to offer employ-ment services through a centralized system, with one-stop centers (Woodbury, 2000). The purpose of the centers is to offer all employment services at a single lo-cation. WIA services now include 17 programs funded through four federal agen-cies, all to be offered at one-stop centers (see Box 9.4) (U.S. General Accounting Office, 2002). Implementation of the WIA did not begin until 2000, so the success of the program has yet to be fully assessed. The WIA program does seem to offer improvements over the JTPA because the WIA provides a broader range of services