We must clarify that, as in democracies, in dictatorships the leader is not synonymous with the regime; a leader may fall while the regime persists (Frantz and Ezrow 2011, 21). We define a regime as a ‘set of formal and informal rules and procedures for selecting national leaders and policies’ (Geddes 2003, 70). Even in regimes where an individual holds the lion’s share of the power, intra-regime leadership transitions can and do occur. François Duvalier, the Haitian dictator from 1957 to 1971, exerted total control over the country; his son, Jean-Claude Duvalier, succeeded him upon his death, extending the regime through 1986 when a popular uprising overthrew the younger Duvalier ending both his leadership tenure and the regime.