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Basic Safety and Risk Management PrinciplesIn what is considered one of the most effective safetyand risk management programs ever developed, Proctor andGamble’s Key Elements, has been able to achieve significantimprovements in both health and safety. This remarkableassociation validates the key element approach, which arelisted as follows:1. Organizational Planning and Support.a. Clear expectations.b. Management and employee involvement.c. Goal setting and action planning.2. Standards and Practicesa. Standard implementation.b. Safe Practices.c. Planning for safe conditions.3. Traininga. Site training systems.b. Qualification of safety risk managementresources.4. Accountability and Performance Feedback.a. Safety Sampling.16b. Behavior feedback.c. Performance tracking (Olson, 1999).Because this system effectively integrates risk managementinto the corporate fabric, it affirms that accidents cannotbe simply dismissed as events that do not involve themanagement system.In addition to using Proctor and Gamble’s Key elementmethods, management must realize reacting after theaccident or event cannot accomplish effective risk control.In essence, reactive safety management focuses on thesymptoms rather than the root causes while a proactivesafety management approach searches for ways to measuresystems that produce results (Earnest, 1997). Asillustrated in the following literature review, successfulindustrial maintenance programs also rely heavily on rootcause analysis and measurement of results to achievecontinuous improvement. This literature review will showhow proactive management of both maintenance and safety
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