النتائج (
العربية) 1:
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Legally-binding and guiding standardsLegally-binding and guiding standardsHuman rights standards can be divided into those which have legal force in a court of law and those which provide guidance to governments but which are not legally enforceable.Treaties, pacts and conventions require governments to sign and ratify them, signalling their intent to comply with their provisions. Signature of a treaty implies a commitment to ratify the treaty and to avoid any action which would undermine the treaty. Ratification signals agreement to be bound by the treaty.By contrast, declarations, principles, and guidelines provide advice to governments but are not legally enforceable.Protocols may be binding or may be advisory according to context. (For example, the Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, which allows individual complaints to be heard by the Human Rights Committee, is binding on states which have ratified it; by contrast, the Istanbul Protocol, which sets out standards for the investigation of torture, is a manual intended to assist states but does not formally bind them to observe its provision.)
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