specificity and specificity of future imaged events (Williams, et al., 1996). Kremers et al
compared outpatients with borderline personality disorder and controls on social problem
solving capabilities and specificity of imagined future events. Patients with borderline
personality disorder reported having fewer active means to solve interpersonal problems and
depressed patients with borderline personality disorder tended to have more difficulties in
imagining positive future events in a specific way compared to controls (Kremers, Spinhoven,
& Van der Does, 2004). Specificity and problem solving were hardly related in patients with
borderline personality disorder. The authors suggested that social problem solving deficits in
borderline personality disorder may be a consequence of disturbed emotion regulation rather
than a consequence of restricted memory accessibility.