النتائج (
العربية) 1:
[نسخ]نسخ!
Why is a doctor obliged to take action - and in what situations?Doctors witnessing or learning of abuses against prisoners must decide as to what action they should take as a consequence. The obligation to take action stems from a number of different sources.Which of the following would lead a doctor to take some form of action when learning that a prisoner has been subjected to serious human rights violations?Your answer : Medical ethicsAll five may be relevant.Medical ethics, National law and International human rights standards are external factors that will be the same for all doctors (though there may be some variance in understanding of medical ethics).Conscience and religious values are inherent to the person having them and for that reason would not be regarded in law as a universal prompt for action in the face of human rights violations.Medical ethics. The two key standards here are the World Medical Association's Declaration of Tokyo and the United Nations Principles of Medical Ethics. The Declaration of Tokyo tells doctors that they must not "countenance, condone or participate in the practice of torture or other forms of cruel, inhuman or degrading procedures". In other words doctors learning of torture against a prisoner must do something about it. The Principles make clear than any involvement in torture or any relationship with a prisoner which is not intended to "evaluate, protect or improve their physical and mental health" is unethical.
National legal aspects of medical witness role. Even countries with poor human rights records may have laws prohibiting torture. Prison doctors witnessing torture or its effects are witnesses to a crime and may be expected not to collude in the commission of that crime.
International human rights standards. International and regional human rights standards (as well as international humanitarian law) indicate that torture must be considered among the most serious of crimes. This fact suggests that doctors aware of the crime should take some action rather than remaining silent and putting a prisoner at further risk.
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